Cholera is an “acute diarrhoeal infection caused by eating or drinking food or water that is contaminated with the bacterium Vibrio cholerae.” Today the ongoing seventh pandemic is estimated to infect 3–5 million people and kills between 1,00, 000 to 1,20,000 people annually. Cholera is a highly climate sensitive disease. A 2020 study in Vaccine found that the bacteria levels in the environment increased a month after temperatures went up. A surge in cholera cases in Punjab, Haryana, and Chandigarh then followed. Climate change indirectly affects the prevalence and incidence of infectious pathogens like cholera by increasing the risk of floods, cyclones, droughts and torrential rainfall. Further, scientists have linked the interannual variation of cholera with the inter-annual climate variability “El Niño-Southern Oscillation” (ENSO).
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